Approcio clinico al paziente oncologico e principi di terapia antitumorale
Clinical approach to the cancer patient and principles of therapy
Authors
Penzo C., Stefanello D.
DVM, PhD, ECVIM-CA(Oncology) - Televetdiagnostics Ltd & Vets Now Referrals, Glasgow, UK
DMV, PhD - Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica. Università degli Studi di Milano
Summary
Recent reports confirmed that cancer is one of the main cause of death in dogs and cats. Although cancer is not always curable, a better understanding of cancer biology, diagnostic approaches and therapeutics options can remarkably improve quality and quantity of life of affected pets. Early detection and diagnosis of tumours should be obtained to ensure the best outcome for the patient. An accurate cytological and/or histological diagnosis of tumour type and clinical staging to exclude regional and distant metastasis should be obtained in order to decide best course of action. Although surgery remains one of the mainstays of treatment of many cancers, the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy is need in many patients to obtain the best outcome in term of survival and quality of life. These treatments are today largely available in specialist centres and well tolerated by pets. Owners should always be offered realistic and evidence based information about all available treatment options with an in depth discussion about potential prognosis with different treatments and without treatment, possible complications, and financial and practical issues. These information should be discussed in a positive, knowledgeable and compassionate way early after diagnosis so to help the owner to make the best decision for their pet. In this report we will discuss the principles of correct approach to the cancer patient, from diagnosis and therapy.
Keywords
cancer, dog, cat, staging, chemotherapy, radiotherapy
